Browsable ANSI C++ Grammar

CC-BY

Grammar extracted by Vadim Zaytsev, see the Grammar Zoo entry for details: cpp/cpp03/elges-cordy/extracted
Source used for this grammar: Mike Elges, James R. Cordy, A complete TXL base grammar for ANSI C++ 3.0, Rev 21.3.01, November 2002

Summary

Syntax

program ::=
	declaration_list
declaration_list ::=
	declaration*
declaration ::=
	asm_declaration
	class_definition
	function_definition
	namespace_definition
	template_declaration
	linkage_specification
	exception_specification
	using_declaration
	decl_specifiers? declarator_list ";" NL
	decl_specifiers ";" NL
	";" NL
	preprocessor NL
asm_declaration ::=
	"asm" "(" string_constant ")" ";" NL
class_definition ::=
	NL storage_class_specifier* class_specifier declarator_list? ";" (NL NL)
storage_class_specifier ::=
	"auto"
	"register"
	"static"
	"extern"
class_specifier ::=
	class_head "{" (NL IN) member* EX "}"
class_head ::=
	class_key id? base_spec?
	class_key nested_name_spec id base_spec?
	class_key class_name base_spec?
class_key ::=
	"class"
	"struct"
	"union"
base_spec ::=
	":" base_list
base_list ::=
	base_specifier ","? {base_specifier ","}*
base_specifier ::=
	"::"? nested_name_spec? class_name
	"virtual" access_specifier? "::"? nested_name_spec? class_name
	access_specifier "virtual"? "::"? nested_name_spec? class_name
access_specifier ::=
	"private"
	"protected"
	"public"
member ::=
	access_specifier_colon? member_declaration
access_specifier_colon ::=
	EX_2 NL access_specifier SPOFF ":" SPON IN_2 NL
member_declaration ::=
	function_definition ";"?
	qualified_name ";" NL
	using_declaration
	decl_specifiers? member_declarator_list ";" NL
	decl_specifiers ";" NL
	";" NL
	preprocessor NL
member_declarator_list ::=
	member_declarator+
member_declarator ::=
	declarator initializer?
	id? SPOFF ":" SPON constant_expression
function_definition ::=
	NL decl_specifiers? function_declarator ctor_initializer? exception_specification? function_body
function_declarator ::=
	pointer_operator* declared_item declarator_extension+
function_body ::=
	NL compound_statement ";"? NL
	"try" ctor_initializer? NL compound_statement ";"? NL handler_list
ctor_initializer ::=
	SPOFF ":" SPON mem_initializer_list
mem_initializer_list ::=
	mem_initializer+
mem_initializer ::=
	"::"? nested_name_spec? class_name "(" expression_list? ")"
namespace_definition ::=
	"namespace" id? "{" (NL IN) declaration_list? EX "}" (NL NL)
	"namespace" id "=" qualified_namespace_spec
qualified_namespace_spec ::=
	"::"? nested_name_spec? class_or_namespace_name
nested_name_spec ::=
	class_or_namespace_name "::" nested_name_spec?
class_or_namespace_name ::=
	class_name
	namespace_name
namespace_name ::=
	id
template_declaration ::=
	"template" "<" template_parameter_list ">" declaration
template_parameter_list ::=
	template_parameter
	template_parameter_list "," template_parameter
template_parameter ::=
	type_parameter
	parameter_declaration
type_parameter ::=
	"class" id
linkage_specification ::=
	NL "extern" stringlit "{" (NL IN) declaration_list EX "}" ";"? (NL NL)
	"extern" stringlit declaration
exception_specification ::=
	"throw" "(" type_list? ")"
type_list ::=
	type_name
	type_list "," type_name
using_declaration ::=
	"using" "::"? nested_name_spec? name ";"
	"using" "namespace" "::"? nested_name_spec? id ";"
declarator_list ::=
	init_declarator+
init_declarator ::=
	declarator initializer?
declarator ::=
	pointer_operator* declared_item declarator_extension*
declared_item ::=
	declared_name
	"(" declarator ")"
declarator_extension ::=
	parenthesized_parameter_declaration_list const_volatile_qualifier_list?
	"[" constant_expression? "]"
parenthesized_parameter_declaration_list ::=
	"(" parameter_declaration_list ")"
	"(" parenthesized_parameter_declaration_list ")"
pointer_operator ::=
	stars const_volatile_qualifier_list?
	"&" const_volatile_qualifier_list?
	id "::" stars const_volatile_qualifier_list?
	"::"? nested_name_spec "*" const_volatile_qualifier_list
stars ::=
	"*"
	"**"
const_volatile_qualifier_list ::=
	const_volatile_qualifier+
const_volatile_qualifier ::=
	"const"
	"volatile"
declared_name ::=
	nested_name_spec? name
	"~" SPOFF id SPON
type_name ::=
	type_specifiers abstract_declarator?
abstract_declarator ::=
	abstract_extension+
	"(" abstract_declarator ")" abstract_extension*
abstract_extension ::=
	"(" parameter_declaration_list ")" const_volatile_qualifier_list?
	"[" constant_expression? "]"
	pointer_operator
	"(" abstract_declarator ")"
parameter_declaration_list ::=
	{parameter_declaration ","}* comma_dotdotdot?
comma_dotdotdot ::=
	","? "..."
parameter_declaration ::=
	decl_specifiers parameter_declarator equal_expression?
parameter_declarator ::=
	declarator
	abstract_declarator?
equal_expression ::=
	"=" expression
initializer ::=
	"=" initial_value
	"(" expression_list? ")"
initial_value ::=
	assignment_expression
	"{" IN initializer_list ","? EX "}"
initializer_list ::=
	initializer_element+
initializer_element ::=
	assignment_expression
	NL "{" IN initializer_list ","? EX "}"
decl_specifier ::=
	storage_class_specifier
	type_specifier
	function_specifier
	"friend"
	"typedef"
decl_specifiers ::=
	decl_specifier+
function_specifier ::=
	"inline"
	"virtual"
type_specifier ::=
	simple_type_name
	class_specifier
	enum_specifier
	elaborated_type_specifier
	const_volatile_qualifier
type_specifiers ::=
	type_specifier+
simple_type_name ::=
	"char"
	"bool"
	"short"
	"int"
	"long"
	"signed"
	"unsigned"
	"float"
	"double"
	"void"
	"::"? nested_name_spec? id
	"::"? nested_name_spec? template_class_name
template_class_name ::=
	id template_arguments
template_arguments ::=
	"<" template_argument_list ">"
template_argument_list ::=
	template_argument
	template_argument_list "," template_argument
template_argument ::=
	type_name
	non_gt_binary_expression
non_gt_binary_expression ::=
	cast_expression non_gt_binary_operation*
non_gt_binary_operation ::=
	non_gt_binary_operator cast_expression
non_gt_binary_operator ::=
	"||"
	"&&"
	"|"
	"^"
	"&"
	"=="
	"!="
	"<"
	"<="
	">="
	"<<"
	">>"
	"+"
	"-"
	"*"
	"/"
	"%"
	".*"
	"->*"
elaborated_type_specifier ::=
	class_key "::"? nested_name_spec? class_name
	"enum" "::"? nested_name_spec? id
enum_specifier ::=
	"enum" id? "{" enum_list? "}"
enum_list ::=
	enumerator+ ","?
enumerator ::=
	id equal_constant_expression?
equal_constant_expression ::=
	"=" constant_expression
constant_expression ::=
	conditional_expression
conversion_function_name ::=
	"operator" conversion_type_name
conversion_type_name ::=
	type_specifiers pointer_operator?
operator_function_name ::=
	"operator" operator
operator ::=
	"new"
	"delete"
	"+"
	"-"
	"*"
	"/"
	"%"
	"^"
	"&"
	"|"
	"~"
	"!"
	"="
	"<"
	">"
	"+="
	"-="
	"-+"
	"*="
	"/="
	"%="
	"^="
	"&="
	"|="
	"<<"
	">>"
	">>="
	"<<="
	"=="
	"!="
	"<="
	">="
	"&&"
	"||"
	"++"
	"--"
	","
	"->*"
	"->"
	"(" type_specifier? ")"
	"[" "]"
statement ::=
	label* unlabeled_statement
unlabeled_statement ::=
	null_statement
	expression_statement
	compound_statement
	selection_statement
	iteration_statement
	jump_statement
	declaration_statement
	try_block
try_block ::=
	"try" compound_statement handler_list
handler_list ::=
	handler handler_list?
handler ::=
	"catch" "(" exception_declaration ")" compound_statement
exception_declaration ::=
	type_specifiers exception_declarator?
	"..."
exception_declarator ::=
	declarator
	abstract_declarator
label ::=
	id SPOFF ":" SPON
	EX "case" constant_expression SPOFF ":" SPON (NL IN)
	EX "default" SPOFF ":" SPON (NL IN)
expression_statement ::=
	expression ";" NL
null_statement ::=
	";" NL
compound_statement ::=
	"{" (NL IN) statement_list? EX "}" NL
statement_list ::=
	statement+
selection_statement ::=
	"if" "(" expression ")" statement else_statement?
	"switch" "(" expression ")" statement
else_statement ::=
	"else" statement
iteration_statement ::=
	"while" "(" expression ")" statement
	"do" statement "while" "(" expression ")" ";" NL
	"for" "(" for_init_statement expression? ";" expression? ")" for_body
for_init_statement ::=
	expression ";"
	decl_specifiers? declarator_list ";"
	decl_specifiers ";"
	";"
for_body ::=
	compound_statement
	(IN NL) statement EX
jump_statement ::=
	"break" ";" NL
	"continue" ";" NL
	"return" expression? ";" NL
	"goto" id ";" NL
declaration_statement ::=
	declaration
preprocessor ::=
	"#define" id "(" id+ ")" expression
	"#define" id expression
	EX "#else" IN
	EX "#endif" NL
	NL "#if" expression IN
	NL "#ifdef" id IN
	NL "#ifndef" id IN
	"#ident" stringlit
	"#include" stringlit
	"#include" "<" SPOFF filename ">" SPON
	"#line" integernumber stringlit?
	"#undef" id
	"#LINK" stringlit
file_identifier ::=
	id
	key
filename ::=
	file_identifier dot_slash_identifier*
dot_slash_identifier ::=
	"."? "/"? file_identifier
expression ::=
	assignment_expression
	expression "," assignment_expression
assignment_expression ::=
	conditional_expression
	unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
assignment_operator ::=
	"="
	"*="
	"/="
	"%="
	"+="
	"-="
	">>="
	"<<="
	"&="
	"^="
	"|="
conditional_expression ::=
	binary_expression conditional_operation?
conditional_operation ::=
	"?" expression ":" conditional_expression
binary_expression ::=
	cast_expression binary_operation*
binary_operation ::=
	binary_operator cast_expression
binary_operator ::=
	"||"
	"&&"
	"|"
	"^"
	"&"
	"=="
	"!="
	"<"
	">"
	"<="
	">="
	"<<"
	">>"
	"+"
	"-"
	"*"
	"/"
	"%"
	".*"
	"->*"
cast_expression ::=
	unary_expression
	"(" type_name ")" cast_expression
unary_expression ::=
	postfix_expression
	"++" unary_expression
	"--" unary_expression
	unary_operator cast_expression
	"sizeof" unary_expression
	"sizeof" "(" type_name ")"
	allocation_expression
	deallocation_expression
	throw_expression
throw_expression ::=
	"throw" assignment_expression?
unary_operator ::=
	"**"
	"*"
	"&"
	"+"
	"-"
	"!"
	"~"
allocation_expression ::=
	"::"? "new" placement? allocation_type_name initializer?
placement ::=
	"(" expression_list ")"
allocation_type_name ::=
	type_specifiers allocation_declarator?
	"(" type_name ")" allocation_declarator?
allocation_declarator ::=
	allocation_array_declarator
	"*" const_volatile_qualifier_list? allocation_declarator?
	"::"? nested_name_spec "*" const_volatile_qualifier_list? allocation_declarator?
	qualified_name "::" "*" const_volatile_qualifier_list? allocation_declarator?
allocation_array_declarator ::=
	"[" expression? "]"
	allocation_array_declarator "[" expression? "]"
deallocation_expression ::=
	"::"? "delete" cast_expression
	"::"? "delete" "[" expression? "]" cast_expression
postfix_expression ::=
	primary_expression postfix_extension*
	simple_type_name "(" expression_list? ")" postfix_extension*
postfix_extension ::=
	"[" expression? "]"
	"(" expression_list? ")"
	"." name
	"->" name
	"++"
	"--"
expression_list ::=
	assignment_expression+
primary_expression ::=
	literal
	"this"
	"::" id
	"::" operator_function_name
	"(" expression ")"
	name
name ::=
	id
	template_class_name
	qualified_name
	operator_function_name
	conversion_function_name
class_name ::=
	id template_arguments?
qualified_name ::=
	class_name "::" class_component
class_component ::=
	class_name
	"~" SPOFF class_name SPON
	operator_function_name
	conversion_function_name
	qualified_name
literal ::=
	number_constant
	character_constant
	string_constant
string_constant ::=
	stringlit IN NL_stringlit* EX
NL_stringlit ::=
	NL stringlit
character_constant ::=
	charlit
number_constant ::=
	"-"? number
	hexnumber
GrammarLabMaintained by Dr. Vadim Zaytsev a.k.a. @grammarware. Last updated in September 2015. [↑]