Browsable Java (J2SE 5.0 “Tiger”) Grammar

Grammar extracted by Vadim Zaytsev, see the Grammar Zoo entry for details: java/java-5/jls/impl/extracted
Source used for this grammar: James Gosling, Bill Joy, Guy Steele, Gilad Bracha, Java Language Specification, 3rd edition, 2004, §18: Syntax, pages 585–596 [HTML] [PDF]

Summary

• Total 245 production rules with 245 top alternatives and 1365 symbols.
• Vocabulary: 222 = 126 nonterminals + 96 terminals + 0 labels + 0 markers.
• Total 126 nonterminal symbols: 114 defined (NormalClassDeclaration, ExplicitGenericInvocation, InterfaceDeclaration, Statement, Annotations, ElementValue, TypeParameter, CatchClause, ClassCreatorRest, ClassBodyDeclaration, BlockStatement, Annotation, SwitchBlockStatementGroups, EnumConstant, QualifiedIdentifier, ConstantDeclaratorsRest, AnnotationTypeDeclaration, NonWildcardTypeArguments, MoreStatementExpressions, Expression3, BlockStatements, IdentifierSuffix, InterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest, FormalParameterDeclsRest, AssignmentOperator, ParExpression, AnnotationTypeElementDeclarations, VariableDeclaratorsRest, ForControl, VariableDeclarator, ConstantExpression, SwitchLabel, ElementValues, InterfaceMemberDecl, AnnotationConstantRest, QualifiedIdentifierList, GenericMethodOrConstructorRest, ArrayCreatorRest, Type, FormalParameters, TypeList, Selector, VoidInterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest, InterfaceBodyDeclaration, MethodDeclaratorRest, ArrayInitializer, EnumConstants, VariableDeclaratorRest, MethodOrFieldRest, Modifier, Block, PostfixOp, ForInit, EnumDeclaration, VariableDeclarators, Primary, Expression2Rest, VariableInitializer, Literal, ExplicitGenericInvocationSuffix, Identifier, ImportDeclaration, BasicType, GenericMethodOrConstructorDecl, ConstantDeclarator, ClassBody, MemberDecl, SwitchBlockStatementGroup, Catches, InterfaceMethodOrFieldRest, Expression1Rest, TypeArguments, Expression, ConditionalExpression, Creator, InfixOp, ClassOrInterfaceDeclaration, ConstructorDeclaratorRest, InterfaceMethodOrFieldDecl, ClassDeclaration, MethodOrFieldDecl, InnerCreator, PrefixOp, CreatedName, TypeDeclaration, FormalParameterDecls, ConstantDeclaratorRest, StatementExpression, Arguments, ElementValueArrayInitializer, VariableDeclaratorId, AnnotationMethodRest, VoidMethodDeclaratorRest, AnnotationTypeBody, LocalVariableDeclarationStatement, Expression1, TypeParameters, Expression2, MethodBody, ForVarControlRest, EnumBodyDeclarations, DefaultValue, AnnotationMethodOrConstantRest, SuperSuffix, InterfaceGenericMethodDecl, EnumBody, CompilationUnit, InterfaceBody, EnumConstantName, Bound, TypeArgument, AnnotationTypeElementRest, AnnotationTypeElementDeclaration, NormalInterfaceDeclaration), 0 root (—), 2 top (MoreStatementExpressions, CompilationUnit), 12 bottom (ForVarControl, StringLiteral, Expressions, FormalParameter, ForUpdate ², IntegerLiteral, IDENTIFIER, NullLiteral, BooleanLiteral, CharacterLiteral, TypeName, FloatingPointLiteral).
• Total 96 terminal symbols: 48 keywords ("class" ⁵, "extends" ⁴, "implements" ², "assert", "if", "else", "for", "while" ², "do", "try", "finally", "switch", "synchronized" ², "return", "throw", "break", "continue", "catch", "static" ³, "interface" ², "this" ⁴, "super" ⁵, "new" ³, "throws" ⁵, "final" ⁴, "case" ², "default" ², "void" ⁵, "public", "protected", "private", "abstract", "native", "transient", "volatile", "strictfp", "enum", "instanceof", "import", "byte", "short", "char", "int", "long", "float", "double", "boolean", "package"), 0 letters (—), 0 numerics (—), 48 signs (":" ⁸, ";" ²³, "(" ⁸, ")" ⁸, "{" ⁴, "}" ⁴, "@" ², "=" ⁴, "." ¹⁶, "," ¹⁵, "<" ⁴, ">" ⁴, "[" ¹³, "]" ¹⁵, "...", "+=", "-=", "*=", "/=", "&=", "|=", "^=", "%=", "<<=", ">>=", ">>>=", "++" ², "--" ², "*" ², "?" ², "||", "&&", "|", "^", "&" ², "==", "!=", "<=", ">=", "<<", ">>", ">>>", "+" ², "-" ², "/", "%", "!", "~").

Syntax

NormalClassDeclaration ::=
	"class" Identifier TypeParameters? ("extends" Type)? ("implements" TypeList)? ClassBody

ExplicitGenericInvocation ::=
	NonWildcardTypeArguments ExplicitGenericInvocationSuffix

InterfaceDeclaration ::=
	NormalInterfaceDeclaration

InterfaceDeclaration ::=
	AnnotationTypeDeclaration

Statement ::=
	Block

Statement ::=
	"assert" Expression (":" Expression)? ";"

Statement ::=
	"if" ParExpression Statement ("else" Statement)?

Statement ::=
	"for" "(" ForControl ")" Statement

Statement ::=
	"while" ParExpression Statement

Statement ::=
	"do" Statement "while" ParExpression ";"

Statement ::=
	"try" Block (Catches | Catches? "finally" Block)

Statement ::=
	"switch" ParExpression "{" SwitchBlockStatementGroups "}"

Statement ::=
	"synchronized" ParExpression Block

Statement ::=
	"return" Expression? ";"

Statement ::=
	"throw" Expression ";"

Statement ::=
	"break" Identifier?

Statement ::=
	"continue" Identifier?

Statement ::=
	";"

Statement ::=
	StatementExpression ";"

Statement ::=
	Identifier ":" Statement

Annotations ::=
	Annotation Annotations?

ElementValue ::=
	ConditionalExpression

ElementValue ::=
	Annotation

ElementValue ::=
	ElementValueArrayInitializer

TypeParameter ::=
	Identifier ("extends" Bound)?

CatchClause ::=
	"catch" "(" FormalParameter ")" Block

ClassCreatorRest ::=
	Arguments ClassBody?

ClassBodyDeclaration ::=
	";"

ClassBodyDeclaration ::=
	"static"? Block

ClassBodyDeclaration ::=
	Modifier* MemberDecl

BlockStatement ::=
	LocalVariableDeclarationStatement

BlockStatement ::=
	ClassOrInterfaceDeclaration

BlockStatement ::=
	(Identifier ":")? Statement

Annotation ::=
	"@" TypeName ("(" (Identifier "=")? ElementValue ")")?

SwitchBlockStatementGroups ::=
	SwitchBlockStatementGroup*

EnumConstant ::=
	Annotations Identifier Arguments? ClassBody?

QualifiedIdentifier ::=
	Identifier ("." Identifier)*

ConstantDeclaratorsRest ::=
	ConstantDeclaratorRest ("," ConstantDeclarator)*

AnnotationTypeDeclaration ::=
	"@" "interface" Identifier AnnotationTypeBody

NonWildcardTypeArguments ::=
	"<" TypeList ">"

MoreStatementExpressions ::=
	("," StatementExpression)*

Expression3 ::=
	PrefixOp Expression3

Expression3 ::=
	"(" (Expression | Type) ")" Expression3

Expression3 ::=
	Primary Selector* PostfixOp*

BlockStatements ::=
	BlockStatement*

IdentifierSuffix ::=
	"[" ("]" ("[" "]")* "." "class" | Expression "]")

IdentifierSuffix ::=
	Arguments

IdentifierSuffix ::=
	"." ("class" | ExplicitGenericInvocation | "this" | "super" Arguments | "new" NonWildcardTypeArguments? InnerCreator)

InterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest ::=
	FormalParameters ("[" "]")* ("throws" QualifiedIdentifierList)? ";"

FormalParameterDeclsRest ::=
	VariableDeclaratorId ("," FormalParameterDecls)?

FormalParameterDeclsRest ::=
	"..." VariableDeclaratorId

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"+="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"-="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"*="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"/="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"&="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"|="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"^="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"%="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	"<<="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	">>="

AssignmentOperator ::=
	">>>="

ParExpression ::=
	"(" Expression ")"

AnnotationTypeElementDeclarations ::=
	AnnotationTypeElementDeclaration

AnnotationTypeElementDeclarations ::=
	AnnotationTypeElementDeclarations AnnotationTypeElementDeclaration

VariableDeclaratorsRest ::=
	VariableDeclaratorRest ("," VariableDeclarator)*

ForControl ::=
	ForVarControl

ForControl ::=
	ForInit ";" Expression? ";" ForUpdate?

ForControl ::=
	"final"? Annotations? Type Identifier ForVarControlRest

VariableDeclarator ::=
	Identifier VariableDeclaratorRest

ConstantExpression ::=
	Expression

SwitchLabel ::=
	"case" ConstantExpression ":"

SwitchLabel ::=
	"case" EnumConstantName ":"

SwitchLabel ::=
	"default" ":"

ElementValues ::=
	ElementValue ElementValues?

InterfaceMemberDecl ::=
	InterfaceMethodOrFieldDecl

InterfaceMemberDecl ::=
	InterfaceGenericMethodDecl

InterfaceMemberDecl ::=
	"void" Identifier VoidInterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest

InterfaceMemberDecl ::=
	InterfaceDeclaration

InterfaceMemberDecl ::=
	ClassDeclaration

AnnotationConstantRest ::=
	VariableDeclarators

QualifiedIdentifierList ::=
	QualifiedIdentifier ("," QualifiedIdentifier)*

GenericMethodOrConstructorRest ::=
	(Type | "void") Identifier MethodDeclaratorRest

GenericMethodOrConstructorRest ::=
	Identifier ConstructorDeclaratorRest

ArrayCreatorRest ::=
	"[" ("]" ("[" "]")* ArrayInitializer | Expression "]" ("[" Expression "]")* ("[" "]")*)

Type ::=
	Identifier TypeArguments? ("." Identifier TypeArguments?)* ("[" "]")*

Type ::=
	BasicType

FormalParameters ::=
	"(" FormalParameterDecls? ")"

TypeList ::=
	Type ("," Type)*

Selector ::=
	"." Identifier Arguments?

Selector ::=
	"." ExplicitGenericInvocation

Selector ::=
	"." "this"

Selector ::=
	"." "super" SuperSuffix

Selector ::=
	"." "new" NonWildcardTypeArguments? InnerCreator

Selector ::=
	Expression?

VoidInterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest ::=
	FormalParameters ("throws" QualifiedIdentifierList)? ";"

InterfaceBodyDeclaration ::=
	";"

InterfaceBodyDeclaration ::=
	Modifier* InterfaceMemberDecl

MethodDeclaratorRest ::=
	FormalParameters ("[" "]")* ("throws" QualifiedIdentifierList)? (MethodBody | ";")

ArrayInitializer ::=
	(VariableInitializer ("," VariableInitializer)* ","?)?*

EnumConstants ::=
	EnumConstant

EnumConstants ::=
	EnumConstants "," EnumConstant

VariableDeclaratorRest ::=
	("[" "]")* ("=" VariableInitializer)?

MethodOrFieldRest ::=
	VariableDeclaratorRest

MethodOrFieldRest ::=
	MethodDeclaratorRest

Modifier ::=
	Annotation

Modifier ::=
	"public"

Modifier ::=
	"protected"

Modifier ::=
	"private"

Modifier ::=
	"static"

Modifier ::=
	"abstract"

Modifier ::=
	"final"

Modifier ::=
	"native"

Modifier ::=
	"synchronized"

Modifier ::=
	"transient"

Modifier ::=
	"volatile"

Modifier ::=
	"strictfp"

Block ::=
	BlockStatements*

PostfixOp ::=
	"++"

PostfixOp ::=
	"--"

ForInit ::=
	StatementExpression Expressions

EnumDeclaration ::=
	"enum" Identifier ("implements" TypeList)? EnumBody

VariableDeclarators ::=
	VariableDeclarator ("," VariableDeclarator)*

Primary ::=
	ParExpression

Primary ::=
	NonWildcardTypeArguments (ExplicitGenericInvocationSuffix | "this" Arguments)

Primary ::=
	"this" Arguments?

Primary ::=
	"super" SuperSuffix

Primary ::=
	Literal

Primary ::=
	"new" Creator

Primary ::=
	Identifier ("." Identifier)* IdentifierSuffix?

Primary ::=
	BasicType ("[" "]")* "." "class"

Primary ::=
	"void" "." "class"

Expression2Rest ::=
	(InfixOp Expression3)*

Expression2Rest ::=
	Expression3 "instanceof" Type

VariableInitializer ::=
	ArrayInitializer

VariableInitializer ::=
	Expression

Literal ::=
	IntegerLiteral

Literal ::=
	FloatingPointLiteral

Literal ::=
	CharacterLiteral

Literal ::=
	StringLiteral

Literal ::=
	BooleanLiteral

Literal ::=
	NullLiteral

ExplicitGenericInvocationSuffix ::=
	"super" SuperSuffix

ExplicitGenericInvocationSuffix ::=
	Identifier Arguments

Identifier ::=
	IDENTIFIER

ImportDeclaration ::=
	"import" "static"? Identifier ("." Identifier)* ("." "*")? ";"

BasicType ::=
	"byte"

BasicType ::=
	"short"

BasicType ::=
	"char"

BasicType ::=
	"int"

BasicType ::=
	"long"

BasicType ::=
	"float"

BasicType ::=
	"double"

BasicType ::=
	"boolean"

GenericMethodOrConstructorDecl ::=
	TypeParameters GenericMethodOrConstructorRest

ConstantDeclarator ::=
	Identifier ConstantDeclaratorRest

ClassBody ::=
	"{" ClassBodyDeclaration* "}"

MemberDecl ::=
	GenericMethodOrConstructorDecl

MemberDecl ::=
	MethodOrFieldDecl

MemberDecl ::=
	"void" Identifier VoidMethodDeclaratorRest

MemberDecl ::=
	Identifier ConstructorDeclaratorRest

MemberDecl ::=
	InterfaceDeclaration

MemberDecl ::=
	ClassDeclaration

SwitchBlockStatementGroup ::=
	SwitchLabel BlockStatements

Catches ::=
	CatchClause CatchClause*

InterfaceMethodOrFieldRest ::=
	ConstantDeclaratorsRest ";"

InterfaceMethodOrFieldRest ::=
	InterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest

Expression1Rest ::=
	"?" Expression ":" Expression1

TypeArguments ::=
	"<" TypeArgument ("," TypeArgument)* ">"

Expression ::=
	Expression1 (AssignmentOperator Expression1)?

ConditionalExpression ::=
	Expression2 Expression1Rest

Creator ::=
	NonWildcardTypeArguments? CreatedName (ArrayCreatorRest | ClassCreatorRest)

InfixOp ::=
	"||"

InfixOp ::=
	"&&"

InfixOp ::=
	"|"

InfixOp ::=
	"^"

InfixOp ::=
	"&"

InfixOp ::=
	"=="

InfixOp ::=
	"!="

InfixOp ::=
	"<"

InfixOp ::=
	">"

InfixOp ::=
	"<="

InfixOp ::=
	">="

InfixOp ::=
	"<<"

InfixOp ::=
	">>"

InfixOp ::=
	">>>"

InfixOp ::=
	"+"

InfixOp ::=
	"-"

InfixOp ::=
	"*"

InfixOp ::=
	"/"

InfixOp ::=
	"%"

ClassOrInterfaceDeclaration ::=
	Modifier* (ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration)

ConstructorDeclaratorRest ::=
	FormalParameters ("throws" QualifiedIdentifierList)? MethodBody

InterfaceMethodOrFieldDecl ::=
	Type Identifier InterfaceMethodOrFieldRest

ClassDeclaration ::=
	NormalClassDeclaration

ClassDeclaration ::=
	EnumDeclaration

MethodOrFieldDecl ::=
	Type Identifier MethodOrFieldRest

InnerCreator ::=
	Identifier ClassCreatorRest

PrefixOp ::=
	"++"

PrefixOp ::=
	"--"

PrefixOp ::=
	"!"

PrefixOp ::=
	"~"

PrefixOp ::=
	"+"

PrefixOp ::=
	"-"

CreatedName ::=
	Identifier NonWildcardTypeArguments? ("." Identifier NonWildcardTypeArguments?)*

TypeDeclaration ::=
	ClassOrInterfaceDeclaration

TypeDeclaration ::=
	";"

FormalParameterDecls ::=
	("final" Annotations? Type FormalParameterDeclsRest)?

ConstantDeclaratorRest ::=
	("[" "]")* "=" VariableInitializer

StatementExpression ::=
	Expression

Arguments ::=
	"(" (Expression ("," Expression)*)? ")"

ElementValueArrayInitializer ::=
	"{" ElementValues? ","? "}"

VariableDeclaratorId ::=
	Identifier ("[" "]")*

AnnotationMethodRest ::=
	"(" ")" DefaultValue?

VoidMethodDeclaratorRest ::=
	FormalParameters ("throws" QualifiedIdentifierList)? (MethodBody | ";")

AnnotationTypeBody ::=
	AnnotationTypeElementDeclarations?*

LocalVariableDeclarationStatement ::=
	"final"? Type VariableDeclarators ";"

Expression1 ::=
	Expression2 Expression1Rest?

TypeParameters ::=
	"<" TypeParameter ("," TypeParameter)* ">"

Expression2 ::=
	Expression3 Expression2Rest?

MethodBody ::=
	Block

ForVarControlRest ::=
	VariableDeclaratorsRest ";" Expression? ";" ForUpdate?

ForVarControlRest ::=
	":" Expression

EnumBodyDeclarations ::=
	";" ClassBodyDeclaration*

DefaultValue ::=
	"default" ElementValue

AnnotationMethodOrConstantRest ::=
	AnnotationMethodRest

AnnotationMethodOrConstantRest ::=
	AnnotationConstantRest

SuperSuffix ::=
	Arguments

SuperSuffix ::=
	"." Identifier Arguments?

InterfaceGenericMethodDecl ::=
	TypeParameters (Type | "void") Identifier InterfaceMethodDeclaratorRest

EnumBody ::=
	(EnumConstants? ","? EnumBodyDeclarations?)*

CompilationUnit ::=
	(Annotations? "package" QualifiedIdentifier ";")? ImportDeclaration* TypeDeclaration*

InterfaceBody ::=
	"{" InterfaceBodyDeclaration* "}"

EnumConstantName ::=
	Identifier

Bound ::=
	Type ("&" Type)*

TypeArgument ::=
	Type

TypeArgument ::=
	"?" (("extends" | "super") Type)?

AnnotationTypeElementRest ::=
	Type Identifier AnnotationMethodOrConstantRest ";"

AnnotationTypeElementRest ::=
	ClassDeclaration

AnnotationTypeElementRest ::=
	InterfaceDeclaration

AnnotationTypeElementRest ::=
	EnumDeclaration

AnnotationTypeElementRest ::=
	AnnotationTypeDeclaration

AnnotationTypeElementDeclaration ::=
	Modifier* AnnotationTypeElementRest

NormalInterfaceDeclaration ::=
	"interface" Identifier TypeParameters? ("extends" TypeList)? InterfaceBody

Maintained by Dr. Vadim Zaytsev a.k.a. @grammarware. Last updated in September 2015. [↑]